In India, we often use the word “tension” to describe everything from a pending electricity bill to deep-seated emotional distress. Anxiety is one of the most misunderstood emotions in our society. For many, it exists in the background: a restlessness before a daughter’s wedding, nervousness before a board exam, or the weight of a big career decision.
In these moments, anxiety is a natural response. It alerts us and prepares us. However, in our fast-paced and high-pressure society, this “tension” often crosses a line where it is no longer helpful.
The Indian Context: When “Tension” Becomes More
In many Indian households, mental health is often dismissed with phrases like “Zyaada soch rahe ho” (you’re overthinking) or “Sab theek ho jayega” (everything will be fine). Because of the stigma, many people suffer in silence, assuming their racing heart or sleepless nights are just “weakness” or a lack of “willpower.”
Understanding the difference between normal anxiety and an anxiety disorder is the first step toward self-compassion and breaking the cycle of generational silence.
Normal Anxiety vs. Anxiety Disorders: The Key Differences
1. Normal Anxiety: A Natural Response
In India, high-stakes environments like competitive exams (UPSC, JEE), arranged marriage meetings, or navigating workplace hierarchies naturally trigger anxiety.
- It is situational: Linked to a specific event, such as a performance review.
- It is temporary: It fades once the event is over.
- It is functional: It motivates you to study harder or prepare for that presentation.
2. Anxiety Disorders: When the Alarm Won’t Turn Off
An anxiety disorder is like an alarm bell that keeps ringing even when there is no fire. In an Indian setting, this often manifests as:
- Generalised Anxiety Disorder (GAD): Constant “fikr” (worry) about family health, finances, or children’s futures, even when things are stable.
- Social Anxiety: An intense fear of “Log Kya Kahenge” (What will people say?), leading to the avoidance of weddings, family gatherings, or public speaking.
- Panic Disorder: Sudden “ghabrahat” (intense unease) accompanied by physical symptoms like chest pain or breathlessness, which are often mistaken for a heart attack.
Why It’s Often Ignored in India
Several cultural factors make it difficult for Indians to recognise anxiety disorders:
- Physical Masking: Many Indians don’t say “I’m anxious.” Instead, they say “my head hurts,” “my stomach is upset,” or “I feel heavy in the chest.” We often seek help from General Physicians for physical symptoms while the root cause remains emotional.
- The “Strong” Archetype: There is immense pressure, especially on men as providers and women as caregivers, to “stay strong” for the family. Admitting to anxiety is often incorrectly seen as a failure of character.
- Normalisation of Stress: We live in a culture that prizes “hustle.” Being constantly stressed is sometimes seen as a badge of honor or a sign of hard work.
Detailed FAQs: Common Questions in the Indian Context
Q1. Is there a difference between “tension” and an anxiety disorder? Yes. “Tension” is a common Indian term for temporary stress caused by external problems. An anxiety disorder is an internal health condition where the fear remains even after the external problem is solved, or appears when there is no problem at all.
Q2. My parents think I just need to pray or meditate more. Will that cure my anxiety? While spiritual practices and meditation are excellent for overall peace, an anxiety disorder often involves chemical imbalances in the brain or deeply ingrained trauma. Just as you wouldn’t treat a physical injury with only prayer, a mental health condition often requires professional therapy or medical intervention alongside lifestyle changes.
Q3. Will I have to take “sleeping pills” or heavy medication forever? Not necessarily. Many people recover through talk therapy like Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT). If medication is prescribed, modern psychiatric medicines are not just “sedatives.” They are designed to balance brain chemistry and are usually managed for a specific period under professional supervision.
Q4. Can anxiety cause my acidity and digestive issues? Absolutely. The gut is often called the “second brain.” In India, many patients visit gastroenterologists for years for “chronic acidity” when the root cause is actually a high-alert nervous system. Addressing the anxiety often resolves these physical symptoms.
Q5. How do I explain my condition to my family without them thinking I am “mad”? It helps to explain anxiety as a “physical system” issue. You can tell them that your body’s “fight or flight” response is stuck in the “on” position. Comparing it to a physical condition like high blood pressure (which is also invisible but requires care) can help them understand.
Q6. Is it true that anxiety is just for “city people” or the “westernised” youth? No. Anxiety affects people across all demographics, including rural areas and all age groups. However, people in urban areas may have more vocabulary to describe it, whereas in other areas, it is often expressed through physical pain or “weakness.”
Q7. Can I ever live a normal life again? Yes. With the right support, most people learn to manage their triggers and lead full, successful, and happy lives. Recovery doesn’t mean you will never feel nervous again; it means anxiety will no longer control your decisions.
When Should You Reach Out?
If your “tension” has started to shrink your world (if you are avoiding social circles, failing to focus at work, or losing sleep for weeks at a time), it is time to talk to a professional.
About RHOPE
RHOPE is a mental health organisation dedicated to providing compassionate, evidence-based care tailored to the unique cultural nuances of the Indian experience. The team specialises in helping individuals navigate anxiety, family stress, and emotional regulation. RHOPE believes in a structured yet deeply human approach, helping you transition from a state of survival to one of thriving.
Don’t let “log kya kahenge” stop you from feeling better.
Disclaimer: This Article provides general information and should not be considered a substitute for professional medical or psychological advice. If you have specific concerns about your mental or neurological health, please consult with a qualified healthcare professional. Contact RHOPE today!
Great Article. I found this really helpful.